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Andrew joined CEPTYR in 1996 as the fourth employee. Between 1991 and 1996, he was a Cancer Research Institute/F.M. Kirby Foundation fellow with Nicholas K. Tonks (Ph.D., F.R.S.) at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory where he investigated the structure, function and regulation of PTP1B. There, he invented the "substrate-trapping" technology to aid in the identification of substrates for PTPs. This invention is exclusively licensed to CEPTYR. At CEPTYR, he applied this method to develop in-vitro substrate-binding assays that enable detailed, mechanistic characterization of PTP inhibitors. Also during his fellowship, he collaborated with David Barford, Ph.D. to determine the first X-ray crystal structure of PTP1B. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of California at Berkeley in 1990. There, his research in the laboratory of Prof. Daniel E. Koshland, Jr. concentrated on regulation of enzyme activity by protein phosphorylation, particularly of the brain enzyme protein kinase C. He has a BS with honors in chemistry from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1984). His awards include a postdoctoral fellowship from the Cancer Research Institute/F.M. Kirby Foundation, a Sigma Xi undergraduate research award, Phi Beta Kappa, and a National Merit Scholarship. | 